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Academic Passage
The phenomenon of urban heat islands has become an increasingly important area of study as global urbanization accelerates. Cities typically experience temperatures 1-3°C higher than surrounding rural areas due to the concentration of heat-absorbing surfaces...
According to the passage, what is the primary cause of urban heat islands?
4 Sections
Reading, Listening, Writing, Speaking
~90 min
Total Test Duration
120 Items
Total Questions
1–6
Score Scale Per Section
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Passage
Coral reefs, often called the "rainforests of the sea," support approximately 25% of all marine species despite covering less than 1% of the ocean floor. These ecosystems are built primarily by stony corals, which secrete calcium carbonate to form hard exoskeletons. The symbiotic relationship between corals and zooxanthellae algae is fundamental to reef health — the algae provide up to 90% of the coral's energy needs through photosynthesis.
According to the passage, zooxanthellae algae are important to coral reefs primarily because they:
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What does the professor mainly discuss?
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TOEFL iBT Test Structure
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Reading
- Complete the Words
- Read in Daily Life
- Read Academic Passage
Listening
- Choose a Response
- Conversations
- Announcements
- Academic Talks
Writing
Soon- Build a Sentence
- Write an Email
- Academic Discussion
Speaking
Soon- Listen and Repeat
- Take an Interview
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